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Since the start of the covid 19 pandemic, a wide range of medications have been produced and are currently being utilized to treat the disease. Tulsi, in addition to all of the chemical-based medications, is an herbal therapy that is particularly effective in the treatment of this ailment. Tulsi has been used to heal ailments and infections for millennia, particularly in India. Because we use tulsi for medicinal purposes, it's vital to monitor its health in order to reap the full benefits of its herbal properties. Plant diseases harm the health and growth of the plant. Disease detection in plants is crucial so that it can be treated before it spreads throughout the plant. To detect illnesses in tulsi leaves, we propose employing a model based on convolution neural networks. Image processing and CNN are widely employed. The prepared model extracts the image's key features and categorizes it into different disorders. The model has a 75 percent accuracy rate. © 2022 IEEE.
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Hand hygiene (HH) is a crucial factor for reducing Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) in the hospital setting. The current analysis was created to create an intervention methodology to enhance hand hygiene compliance among hospital personnel in a healthcare setting. Covid-19 disease epidemic has additional stressed the need for world-wide development in hand hygiene compliance by the healthcare personnel. Healthcare Associated Infections have been a hot issue for several time periods and Healthcare Associated Infections are the most common adverse results due to the delivery of medical care and treatment. There is unanimity that hand hygiene is the extremely successful way to avoid healthcare associated infections. As healthcare systems fluctuate widely, prevention approaches must be designed appropriately. Hand hygiene, however, remains relevant in all settings, and World Health Organization (WHO) is strongly endorsing alcohol-based hand rubs to interrupt transmission. Nevertheless, very minimal compliance rate amongst the healthcare staff have been reported worldwide. Infected surfaces, especially those that are touched repeatedly by the patient's surroundings, act as reservoirs for pathogens and cause towards pathogen transmission. Therefore, healthcare disinfection requires a thorough approach whereby several strategies may be applied together, risk-based methodologies, to decrease the possibility of HAIs for the patients. In this paper more than 200 articles have been studied from 2016 to 2021 time period and various surveys have been conducted to analyze hand hygiene intervention and studied the various factors involving the patient's situation, medication management behavior of several units, and the type of healthcare employees during and before the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on this study, we evaluated overall hand hygiene compliance rate including the intake of hand wash liquid agent, alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR), the paper wipes, medical waste consumption and personal protective equipment's (gloves, masks etc.) before and after Covid-19 intervention to improve the hand hygiene compliance rate in Abu Dhabi hospitals. © 2023 Author(s).
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Objective: The objective of this study was to seek the opinion of Indian health-care professionals (HCPs) about hypertension (HTN) care during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Methods: HCPs' opinions (n = 2832) were recorded based on survey and round table meetings. Standard questionnaire consisting of nine questions pertaining to HTN care in COVID-19 was prepared, discussed, and evaluated by experts who treat patients with HTN during COVID-19 era. Results: Smoking/tobacco use, obesity, and comorbidities (diabetes/dyslipidemia) were ranked as the top three modifiable risk factors. A total of 37% and 33% of HCPs reported an increase in blood pressure (BP) during the lockdown period in 10%–20% and 20%–40% of hypertensive patients, respectively, who were on monotherapy. Around 35% of HCPs reported that 20%–30% of their patients with HTN showed uncontrolled BP (>150/100 mmHg). Dual-drug therapy in patients with uncontrolled BP was preferred by 56% of HCPs. Nearly 71% preferred dual combination for HTN management. In dual combination, 27% preferred angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) + diuretic, 26% preferred ARB + calcium channel blockers, and 18% preferred ARB + beta-blockers. The majority of HCPs (44%) consider that <30% of their patients with HTN check BP at home. A total of 47% of HCPs reported acute coronary syndrome as the most common HTN-related complication. The majority of HCPs (57%) considered that avoiding contamination during BP measurement is the challenging parameter. Around 32% considered self-BP monitoring (SBPM) as the best method to improve medication adherence. Conclusion: SBPM, combination therapies, and digital connect with patients are critical aspects of HTN management during COVID-19 pandemic. © 2023 The Author(s).
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Background: Post-Covid retropharyngeal mucormycosis is a rare presentation, and no case has been reported in literature until date. Case presentation: A-32-year-old female post Covid presented to our OPD with history of dysphagia and with a history of steroid intake. Radiology confirmed it as retropharyngeal abscess. Endoscopic-guided aspiration was done. HPE (histopathological examination) revealed classic broad aseptate hyphae of mucormycosis. Patient was managed conservatively with broad-spectrum antifungal. Conclusion(s): Retropharyngeal mucormycosis is a rare entity in Covid era. Rapid diagnosis and management are needed to save life of an individual, or results could be fatal.Copyright © 2022, The Author(s).
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Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has hit Western India hard, with Pune district reporting extremely high numbers of cases. During this time, the KEM Hospital Research Centre (KEMHRC), Pune undertook a study determining COVID-19 seropositivity within villages in the Pune district. Aim(s): To engage various stakeholders in establishing sentinel sero-surveillance to monitor the trend of SARS-CoV-2 infection transmission in the general population in rural Western India. Method(s): An extensive stakeholder engagement drive was undertaken to drive successful recruitment and implementation of our study. Between February 2021 and May 2021, we conducted 150 meetings with a range of community stakeholders including: village heads;nurses;community health workers and local government representatives, in open-aired community spaces. We advised community members on the purpose and significance of the study, clarified any concerns, and gathered and incorporated their inputs regarding study implementation. Result(s): The team built trust with local communities through these meetings with continued engagement during field work and data collection helping build rapport and create ownership of the study. KEMHRC successfully enrolled 14,500 individuals residing in 150 villages in Pune district. Conclusion(s): The feedback sharing process is important in ensuring that engagement with the community is not limited to a one-time activity but continuous. Training & supplying opportunities can also generate stakeholder engagement champions. Effective communication, active engagement are key elements for effective engagement in research.
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Corona virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus. In this COVID 19 pandemic, the virus spread bringing the whole world to downfall. This disease can spread through the slightest touch, breathing the same air or using same basic things like clothes, hairs, combs, etc. These viruses can live for hours even without a host body. To prevent the spread, the world was put on lockdown, and people were constrained to their homes, but human life cannot go on without interaction. We need a better way of preventing the spread of this type of disease. Hence a detector is proposed for measuring the social distance between the people. This social distancing detector can track the people who are not following social distancing norms, then that person can be tracked down or the person is marked in red and triggers the warning. In this paper we will be using Computer Neural Network (CNN) to process our images and videos because CNN is a type of artificial neural network that is used in recognition of large pixel videos or images. The proposed technique can be the perfect way to help the person while people carry out their daily tasks. From the evaluation parameters it is proven that the proposed technique yields better results when compared to the state- of- the art techniques. © 2022, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.
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The need for an antiviral against COVID-19 prompted clinical trials worldwide and based on initial promising trends, remdesivir was widely used, including in India (compassionate use). Subsequent trials have been conflicting in their results and the utility of the drug has been widely debated. This is a record-based retrospective cohort study in a 1000-bedded government teaching hospital in North India. We reviewed the medical e-records of the COVID-19 positive patients admitted between June and November 2020. After assessing eligibility and making the necessary exclusions, 112 patients were retrospectively included in the remdesivir cohort and 85 in the standard care cohort. All the baseline characteristics of relevance and hospital admission details were collected. The following outcomes were assessed: All-cause mortality until discharge-stratified as per baseline oxygen support, age, gender, and co-morbidities;the proportion of severe and non-severe patients progressing to mechanical ventilation later on;and time to clinical recovery in survivors. We found a statistically significant association of higher mortality with the administration of remdesivir (odds ratio, OR 2.3, p-value 0.008) with a Cox regression hazard ratio of 1.590 (CI 0.944-2.679). The trend towards poorer outcomes in the remdesivir cohort persisted even after sub-stratification for age, gender, baseline severity (oxygen need), and co-morbidities but failed to reach statistical significance in most strata. Similarly, remdesivir administration was associated with higher rates of progression to mechanical ventilation amongst those severe and non-severe patients who were not on mechanical ventilation at admission (49% versus 15%, p-value <0.001, OR 5.2). This association was significant overall as well as for severe category patients when assessed separately (56% versus 26%, p-value 0.04, OR 3.1). There was, however, no difference in the days taken for clinical recovery between the two groups (13.23 days versus 12.8 days, p-value 0.77). Remdesivir administration was associated with overall worse clinical outcomes. This study contradicts the benefits shown with remdesivir in previous clinical trials done in controlled settings and highlights the challenges that newer therapies face in real-life hospital settings. There is a need to include diverse ethnic groups in the future clinical trials of the drug if to be used.
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The covid-19 outbreak has appeared to be a threat to mankind for all the countries, especially India. The first wave of this virus arrived in the country in 2020, and due to various control measures taken by the government, the situation was somewhat controllable. Unfortunately, the second wave has brought enormous trouble to the citizens, and even the measures couldn't possibly stop the mess. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the second wave of corona virus spread in India, along with visualized information about vaccination undertaken by the citizens. The datasets over which the study has been performed are taken from 16 January 2021 to 2nd May 2021. © 2021 IEEE.
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We conducted a drift-scan observation campaign using the 305-m Arecibo telescope in 2020 January and March when the observatory was temporarily closed during the intense earthquakes and the initial outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The primary objective of the survey was to search for fast radio transients, including fast radio bursts (FRBs) and rotating radio transients (RRATs). We used the seven-beam ALFA receiver to observe different sections of the sky within the declination region similar to(10 degrees-20 degrees) on 23 nights and collected 160 h of data in total. We searched our data for single-pulse transients, of covering up to a maximum dispersion measure of 11 000 pc cm(-3) at which the dispersion delay across the entire bandwidth is equal to the 13-s transit length of our observations. The analysis produced more than 18 million candidates. Machine learning techniques sorted the radio frequency interference and possibly astrophysical candidates, allowing us to visually inspect and confirm the candidate transients. We found no evidence for new astrophysical transients in our data. We also searched for emission from repeated transient signals, but found no evidence for such sources. We detected single pulses from two known pulsars in our observations and their measured flux densities are consistent with the expected values. Based on our observations and sensitivity, we estimated the upper limit for the FRB rate to be <2.8 x 10(5) sky(-1) d(-1) above a fluence of 0.16 Jy ms at 1.4 GHz, which is consistent with the rates from other telescopes and surveys.
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Introduction & Objective: In March 2020, hospitals across America locked down to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This resulted in catastrophic financial losses and massive surgical backlog. While multiple groups have shown that ambulatory percutaneous nephrolithotomy (aPCNL) is safe and feasible, to our knowledge, a cost-analysis comparing aPCNL against standard PCNL (sPCNL) has not been performed. Prior to March 2020, our group was not performing routine aPCNL, but to conserve hospital resources, we performed aPCNL more often. Our objective was to compare the safety and cost-effectiveness of sPCNL vs. aPCNL. Methods: 98 patients underwent PCNL at Indiana University Methodist hospital, a tertiary referral center, by three expert surgeons from January 2020 to September 2020. sPCNL (n = 75) and aPCNL (n = 23). All patients had at least 30-days of follow up. The primary outcome of the study was to compare the 30-day rates of ED-visits, readmissions, and complications between sPCNL and aPCNL. Secondary outcomes included: cost analysis and stone free rates (SFRs). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSSv26 using independent t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square analyses for categorical variables. Results: We found no difference in 30-day ED-visits, readmissions, or complications between the two groups. aPCNL resulted in cost savings of $5689 ± 237 per case, a 29.6% reduction. Conclusions: aPCNL appears safe to perform and does not have a higher rate of ED-visits or readmissions compare to sPCNL. aPCNL also is also costeffective compared to sPCNL. Patients undergoing same-day discharge were not at higher risk of EDvisits or readmission to the hospital. (Table Presented).
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Introduction & Objective: During the unprecedented COVID- 19 pandemic, there have been major changes in healthcare delivery, patients seeking care and access to care. We sought to determine if there were differences in Emergency Department (ED) presentations for urolithiasis and their triage from the ED. Methods: We assessed the all ED presentations and those for urolithiasis (defined as codes N20.0 and N20.1) from January 2019 through December 2020 at four hospitals (one primary, two secondary and one tertiary/quaternary care) in a single hospital network in the Indianapolis metro area. We also assessed the patient's disposition, either discharged from the ED or admitted to the hospital. Results: There were 109,656 total ED presentations in 2019 and 1369 ED presentations for urolithiasis (12.5%). In 2020, there were 94143 total ED presentations with 1212 for urolithiasis (12.9%). There was no significant difference between total stone presentation between the 2019 and 2020. In 2020, there were significant increases in the rate of stone presentations in May (1.39% vs 0.010%, p = 0.02) and August (1.64% vs 1.13%, p = 0.0035). There was a significant decrease in the rate of stone presentation in December 2020 compared to December 2019 (0.91% vs 1.34%, p = 0.0096). Figure 1 demonstrates the monthly ED Visits for urolithiasis compared between 2019 and 2020, with the monthly COVID-19 cases in Indiana. There was a decline in total visits 71.5% of visits were dismissed from the ED in 2019 compared to 70.2% in 2020. There were no differences in the rates of ED discharge or hospital admission on a monthly basis between 2019 and 2020. Conclusions: Within a hospital system in the Indianapolis metropolitan area, there does not appear to be a change in ED stone presentations or disposition patterns between 2019 and 2020 despite the COVID-19 pandemic. (Table Presented).
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: In March 2020, hospitals across America locked down to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This resulted in catastrophic financial losses and massive surgical backlog. While multiple groups have shown that ambulatory percutaneous nephrolithotomy (aPCNL) is safe and feasible, to our knowledge, a cost-analysis comparing aPCNL against standard PCNL (sPCNL) has not been performed. Prior to March 2020, our group was not performing routine aPCNL, but to conserve hospital resources, we performed aPCNL more often. Our objective was to compare the safety and cost-effectiveness of sPCNL vs. aPCNL. METHODS: 98 patients underwent PCNL at Indiana University Methodist hospital, a tertiary referral center, by three expert surgeons from January 2020 to September 2020. sPCNL (n=75) and aPCNL (n =23). All patients had at least 30-days of follow up.The primary outcome of the study was to compare the 30-day rates of ED-visits, readmissions, and complications between sPCNL and aPCNL. Secondary outcomes included: cost analysis and stone free rates (SFRs). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSSv26 using independent t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square analyses for categorical varaibles. RESULTS: We found no difference in 30-day ED-visits, readmissions, or complications between the two groups. aPCNL resulted in cost savings of $5689±237 per case, a 29.6% reduction. CONCLUSIONS: aPCNL appears safe to perform and does not have a higher rate of ED-visits or readmissions compare to sPCNL. aPCNL also is also cost-effective compared to sPCNL. Patients undergoing same-day discharge were not at higher risk of ED-visits or readmission to the hospital.
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INTRODUCTION: Otolaryngology health personnel are at high risk of acquiring COVID-19 disease and, hence, are likely to have high stress levels. This study was designed to evaluate the feedback of otolaryngology healthcare workers in ENT departments who are managing patients in the coronavirus pandemic. METHODS: A questionnaire focused on all aspects of healthcare delivery was completed by otolaryngology healthcare workers. RESULTS: The findings, based on statistical analyses, included high stress levels and inadequate disease-related information in these workers. CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare authorities need to take care of issues related to mental health in healthcare professionals in addition to spreading awareness about safe practices. Further studies are needed to continuously monitor feedback from personnel as the coronavirus pandemic unravels in the future.